pericardial constraint
The limiting effect of the pericardium on cardiac filling, particularly evident when intrapericardial pressure is elevated.
Full Definition
Pericardial constraint occurs when the relatively non-compliant pericardium limits cardiac chamber expansion during filling. This constraint becomes pathologically significant in conditions such as pericardial effusion, constrictive pericarditis, or after cardiac surgery when pericardial compliance is reduced. The constraint affects ventricular filling pressures and can lead to equalization of diastolic pressures across all cardiac chambers. Anesthesiologists must recognize pericardial constraint as it significantly impacts hemodynamic management and fluid resuscitation strategies.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from cardiac tamponade, which is a more acute and severe form of constraint.
In Context
- "Pericardial constraint contributed to the patient's elevated filling pressures despite normal ventricular function." — Hemodynamic evaluation
- "The surgical team considered pericardiectomy to relieve pericardial constraint." — Treatment planning documentation