phrenic nerve injury
Damage to the phrenic nerve during cardiac surgery resulting in diaphragmatic paralysis and respiratory complications.
Full Definition
Phrenic nerve injury occurs when the nerve controlling diaphragmatic function is damaged during cardiac surgical procedures, particularly those involving internal mammary artery harvesting or extensive mediastinal dissection. This complication results in unilateral or bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis, leading to reduced respiratory function, prolonged ventilator dependence, and potentially difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation. Prevention involves careful surgical technique and awareness of phrenic nerve anatomy.
Usage
Usage note: Specify unilateral versus bilateral involvement and associated respiratory impact when documenting.
In Context
- "Chest X-ray revealed elevated right hemidiaphragm consistent with phrenic nerve injury." — Postoperative assessment
- "The patient's prolonged ventilator requirement was attributed to bilateral phrenic nerve injury." — Complication report