positive end-expiratory pressure
Also written as: PEEP — Positive End-Expiratory Pressure
Application of pressure above atmospheric at the end of expiration to improve oxygenation and prevent alveolar collapse.
Full Definition
Positive end-expiratory pressure involves maintaining airway pressure above atmospheric pressure throughout the respiratory cycle, preventing complete alveolar deflation during expiration. In cardiac surgery, PEEP improves oxygenation, reduces intrapulmonary shunting, and may decrease venous return, thereby reducing preload. However, excessive PEEP can impair venous return and cardiac output, particularly in hypovolemic patients or those with right heart dysfunction, requiring careful titration based on hemodynamic response.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify pressure values in cmH2O and monitor hemodynamic effects when adjusting PEEP.
In Context
- "PEEP was increased to 8 cmH2O to improve oxygenation while monitoring cardiac output." — Ventilator management note
- "Reducing PEEP from 10 to 5 cmH2O improved venous return and cardiac index." — Hemodynamic assessment