ventricular distension
Abnormal enlargement of cardiac ventricles during cardiopulmonary bypass that can compromise myocardial protection and surgical exposure.
Full Definition
Ventricular distension occurs when cardiac chambers become abnormally enlarged during cardiopulmonary bypass, typically due to inadequate venous drainage, aortic regurgitation, or incomplete cardiac arrest. This condition compromises subendocardial perfusion, interferes with cardioplegic distribution, and increases myocardial oxygen consumption. Left ventricular distension can result from aortic insufficiency, bronchial circulation return, or inadequate venting. Prevention requires proper venting strategies, adequate venous cannulation, and monitoring of ventricular filling during bypass.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish between left and right ventricular distension as causes and treatments differ.
In Context
- "Ventricular distension was noted requiring placement of an additional vent." — Operative report
- "The anesthesiologist alerted the surgeon to progressive ventricular distension on TEE." — Anesthesia record