mitral valve prolapse
Abnormal backward movement of mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during ventricular contraction.
Full Definition
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common valvular abnormality affecting 2-3% of the population, characterized by superior displacement of one or both mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during systole. The condition ranges from mild prolapse without regurgitation to severe prolapse with significant mitral regurgitation. MVP can be primary (degenerative) due to myxomatous valve disease or secondary to other cardiac conditions such as rheumatic heart disease or cardiomyopathy. Most patients are asymptomatic, but some may experience chest pain, palpitations, or fatigue. The classic finding is a mid-systolic click on auscultation, which may be accompanied by a late systolic murmur if mitral regurgitation is present. Severe cases may require surgical repair or replacement.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as MVP; distinguish from mitral regurgitation, which may be a consequence of MVP.
In Context
- "The echocardiogram revealed mitral valve prolapse with mild regurgitation and no hemodynamic significance." — Diagnostic report
- "Patients with MVP and significant regurgitation require regular echocardiographic follow-up." — Follow-up protocol