ventricular septal defect
A congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening in the wall separating the heart's two lower chambers.
Full Definition
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart defect, occurring in approximately 2-6 per 1000 live births. The condition involves an abnormal communication between the left and right ventricles through a defect in the interventricular septum. VSDs can vary in size from small, hemodynamically insignificant defects that may close spontaneously, to large defects causing significant left-to-right shunting and potential heart failure in infancy. The condition may be isolated or associated with other cardiac anomalies as part of complex congenital heart disease. Treatment depends on the size and hemodynamic significance of the defect.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as VSD; ensure proper distinction from other septal defects in clinical writing.
In Context
- "The echocardiogram revealed a small ventricular septal defect with minimal left-to-right shunting." — Diagnostic report
- "Large VSDs in neonates often require surgical closure to prevent the development of pulmonary hypertension." — Treatment protocol