Intermediate
Technical
In the Industry Vocabulary Test
pericardial effusion
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space surrounding the heart.
Full Definition
An abnormal collection of fluid between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium, which may be serous, hemorrhagic, purulent, or chylous depending on the underlying etiology. Causes include infection, malignancy, autoimmune conditions, trauma, and uremia. The clinical significance depends on the volume and rate of accumulation rather than absolute quantity. Small effusions may be asymptomatic, while large or rapidly accumulating effusions can lead to cardiac tamponade.
Usage
Usage note: Quantify as small, moderate, or large when possible; describe fluid characteristics when known.
In Context
- "Echocardiography revealed a moderate pericardial effusion without hemodynamic compromise." — Imaging study report
- "Pericardiocentesis yielded 400 mL of hemorrhagic pericardial effusion." — Procedure report
Also known as
pericardial fluid
Don't confuse with
pleural effusion
cardiac tamponade