functional behavioral assessment
Systematic process to identify the purpose or function that problem behaviors serve for a child or adolescent.
Full Definition
A functional behavioral assessment (FBA) is a systematic evaluation process used to determine why challenging behaviors occur and what environmental factors maintain them. The assessment examines antecedents (triggers), behaviors (specific actions), and consequences (outcomes) to identify behavioral functions such as attention-seeking, escape/avoidance, sensory stimulation, or tangible rewards. FBAs involve direct observation, interviews with caregivers and teachers, review of records, and sometimes experimental analysis. Results inform development of targeted behavioral intervention plans that address the underlying function rather than just suppressing symptoms. This approach is particularly important in educational settings and is often required for students with disabilities who exhibit challenging behaviors.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as FBA in clinical documentation; ensure distinction from 'functional behavior analysis' which may refer to the broader theoretical approach.
In Context
- "The school psychologist completed a functional behavioral assessment to determine why the student engaged in classroom disruption behaviors." — Educational assessment report