school refusal
A pattern of school avoidance behavior driven by emotional distress rather than defiance or truancy.
Full Definition
School refusal describes a child's difficulty attending school due to emotional distress, which may include anxiety, depression, or somatic complaints. Unlike truancy, school refusal typically occurs with parental knowledge and is not associated with antisocial behavior. Children with school refusal often experience significant distress about attending school and may have perfect attendance until the onset of symptoms. Common underlying issues include separation anxiety, social anxiety, specific phobias, depression, or academic stress. Treatment typically involves gradual exposure, anxiety management techniques, and collaboration with school personnel.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from truancy, which is typically oppositional rather than anxiety-based.
In Context
- "The child's school refusal appears to be driven by social anxiety rather than oppositional behavior." — Clinical assessment report
- "Treatment for school refusal requires close coordination between mental health providers and school staff." — Collaborative care plan