object permanence
The cognitive understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or otherwise sensed.
Full Definition
Object permanence is a fundamental cognitive milestone in which infants develop the understanding that objects and people continue to exist even when out of sight or sensory range. This concept, central to Jean Piaget's cognitive development theory, typically emerges between 8-12 months of age and represents a crucial shift from sensorimotor to symbolic thinking. Before achieving object permanence, infants act as though hidden objects cease to exist entirely. The development of this skill enables peek-a-boo games to become enjoyable, separation anxiety to emerge (as babies now understand that caregivers exist elsewhere), and early problem-solving abilities to develop. Delays in object permanence may indicate cognitive developmental concerns requiring further evaluation.
Usage
Usage note: Include specific age context when documenting presence or absence of this skill.
In Context
- "The 10-month-old demonstrated emerging object permanence by searching for hidden toys." — Developmental assessment
- "Delayed object permanence at 15 months warranted further cognitive evaluation." — Early intervention referral