working memory
The cognitive system responsible for temporarily holding and manipulating information during mental tasks.
Full Definition
Working memory is a cognitive system that temporarily stores and manipulates information while performing complex cognitive tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension. It consists of multiple components including the phonological loop (for verbal information), visuospatial sketchpad (for visual and spatial information), and central executive (for attention and control). Working memory capacity is limited and develops throughout childhood. Deficits can significantly impact academic performance, particularly in mathematics and reading comprehension.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from short-term memory, which involves passive storage only.
In Context
- "Working memory deficits may explain the child's difficulty following multi-step instructions." — cognitive assessment report
- "Interventions should include strategies to support working memory limitations during academic tasks." — educational planning