hypotonia
Pronunciation: hahy-puh-TOH-nee-uh
Decreased muscle tone or tension, often described as 'floppiness' in infants and children.
Full Definition
Hypotonia refers to diminished resistance to passive movement due to decreased muscle tone. In pediatric neurology, hypotonia can be a presenting sign of various conditions including genetic disorders, metabolic diseases, neuromuscular disorders, or central nervous system abnormalities. Infants with hypotonia are often described as 'floppy babies' and may have difficulty with feeding, delayed motor milestones, and poor head control. The condition can be central (originating from the brain or spinal cord) or peripheral (from nerves, neuromuscular junction, or muscles).
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from weakness (reduced strength) and specify whether central or peripheral when etiology is determined.
In Context
- "The infant presented with generalized hypotonia and feeding difficulties requiring further metabolic workup." — Pediatric neurology assessment