athetosis
Pronunciation: ath-eh-TO-sis
Slow, writhing, involuntary movements typically affecting the distal extremities, often seen in cerebral palsy.
Full Definition
Athetosis describes a form of dyskinesia characterized by slow, sinuous, writhing movements that are continuous and involuntary. These movements typically affect the hands, fingers, feet, and toes, but can also involve facial muscles and the tongue. Athetosis is most commonly seen in certain forms of cerebral palsy, particularly choreoathetoid cerebral palsy, but can also result from kernicterus, stroke affecting the basal ganglia, or drug-induced movement disorders. The movements are often described as snake-like or worm-like and may worsen with emotional stress or voluntary movement attempts. Clinical documentation should describe the distribution of athetoid movements and any factors that exacerbate or improve them. The condition often coexists with chorea, leading to the combined term choreoathetosis.
Usage
Usage note: Often occurs with chorea (choreoathetosis). Distinguish from dystonia (sustained postures) and chorea (rapid, irregular movements).
In Context
- "The child exhibited prominent athetosis of both hands, making fine motor tasks particularly challenging." — Pediatric neurology assessment
- "Physical therapy focused on techniques to minimize athetoid movements during functional activities." — Rehabilitation progress note