deep brain stimulation
A neurosurgical procedure involving implanted electrodes that deliver electrical stimulation to specific brain regions, abbreviated as DBS.
Full Definition
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical treatment modality involving the implantation of a neurostimulator device that delivers controlled electrical pulses to targeted areas of the brain through precisely placed electrodes. The procedure is primarily used for movement disorders such as Parkinson disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, but applications are expanding to include certain psychiatric conditions and epilepsy. DBS requires careful patient selection, stereotactic surgical planning, and postoperative programming adjustments to optimize therapeutic benefits while minimizing side effects. The system consists of implanted leads, an extension cable, and a programmable pulse generator similar to a cardiac pacemaker.
Usage
Usage note: Abbreviate as DBS after first use; specify target brain region when relevant to treatment planning.
In Context
- "The patient experienced significant improvement in tremor following bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus." — Surgical follow-up note
- "Deep brain stimulation programming was adjusted to optimize symptom control while minimizing speech effects." — Movement disorder clinic note