dysmetria
Pronunciation: dis-MEH-tree-ah
Impaired ability to judge distance and range of movement, typically indicating cerebellar dysfunction.
Full Definition
Dysmetria is a form of ataxia characterized by the inability to accurately control the distance, speed, and range of voluntary movements. This neurological sign typically indicates dysfunction of the cerebellum or its connections. Patients with dysmetria may overshoot or undershoot their intended targets during reaching movements, a phenomenon that can be tested clinically with finger-to-nose and heel-to-shin maneuvers. The condition is commonly seen in cerebellar stroke, multiple sclerosis affecting cerebellar pathways, and hereditary ataxias. Clinical documentation should specify whether dysmetria affects appendicular movements (limbs) or truncal movements, as this can help localize the cerebellar lesion.
Usage
Usage note: Part of the broader category of ataxia; specifically refers to distance/range misjudgment rather than general incoordination.
In Context
- "Finger-to-nose testing revealed significant dysmetria with consistent overshooting of the target." — Cerebellar function assessment
- "The patient's dysmetria improved markedly following rehabilitation focused on coordination exercises." — Physical therapy progress note