intracranial pressure
The pressure inside the skull, commonly abbreviated as ICP, critical for monitoring neurological patients.
Full Definition
Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure exerted by cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and brain tissue within the rigid confines of the skull. Normal ICP ranges from 5-15 mmHg in adults, with elevations indicating potentially life-threatening conditions requiring immediate intervention. Increased ICP can result from brain tumors, hemorrhage, cerebral edema, hydrocephalus, or traumatic brain injury. Clinical monitoring involves invasive devices such as external ventricular drains or intraparenchymal monitors, with treatment aimed at maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure and preventing herniation syndromes.
Usage
Usage note: Use ICP abbreviation consistently; specify measurement units (mmHg) when documenting numerical values.
In Context
- "The patient's intracranial pressure monitor showed sustained elevations above 20 mmHg requiring osmotic therapy." — Neurocritical care note
- "Signs of elevated intracranial pressure included papilledema, altered mental status, and Cushing's triad." — Emergency assessment