neuroplasticity
Pronunciation: nyoo-roh-plas-TIS-ih-tee
The brain's ability to reorganise its structure, function, and connections in response to learning, experience, or injury—a foundational concept underpinning rehabilitation science.
Full Definition
Neuroplasticity refers to the capacity of the nervous system to modify its organization and function as a result of experience, learning, or damage. In clinical rehabilitation, neuroplasticity is the scientific basis for therapeutic interventions following stroke, traumatic brain injury, and other neurological conditions, as it explains how intensive, repetitive practice can lead to functional recovery through cortical reorganisation. The term encompasses multiple mechanisms, including synaptic plasticity, cortical remapping, and neurogenesis. Editors should note that 'neuroplasticity' is written as one word (no hyphen) and should not be used loosely as a synonym for 'recovery' or 'adaptation'. The related term 'maladaptive plasticity' refers to unhelpful reorganisational changes such as learned non-use.
Usage
Usage note: One word, no hyphen. Do not conflate with general 'recovery'. In clinical documents, context should clarify whether activity-dependent or injury-induced plasticity is intended.
In Context
- "Intensive task-specific training leverages neuroplasticity to promote cortical remapping after stroke." — Rehabilitation science review article
- "The program was designed with neuroplasticity principles in mind, emphasising high repetition and task variability." — Physiotherapy treatment rationale document