hemianopia
Pronunciation: hem-ee-uh-NO-pee-uh
Loss of vision in half of the visual field in one or both eyes.
Full Definition
Hemianopia is a visual field defect involving the loss of vision in half of the visual field, typically resulting from lesions in the visual pathways posterior to the optic chiasm. Homonymous hemianopia affects the same side of the visual field in both eyes and indicates damage to the optic tract, lateral geniculate nucleus, or visual cortex. Bitemporal hemianopia affects the outer halves of both visual fields and suggests lesions at the optic chiasm. This condition significantly impacts daily functioning, particularly reading, driving, and navigation, and is a common sequela of stroke affecting the posterior cerebral artery territory.
Usage
Usage note: Both hemianopia and hemianopsia are acceptable; hemianopia is more commonly used.
In Context
- "Left homonymous hemianopia resulted from the right occipital infarct." — Stroke assessment report
- "The patient was referred for vision rehabilitation due to persistent hemianopia." — Rehabilitation referral note