vascular cognitive impairment
Cognitive decline resulting from cerebrovascular disease, ranging from mild impairment to vascular dementia.
Full Definition
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) represents a spectrum of cognitive deficits caused by cerebrovascular disease, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia. VCI can result from large vessel strokes, small vessel disease, strategic infarcts, or chronic hypoperfusion. The cognitive profile often includes executive dysfunction, processing speed deficits, and attention problems, though memory may be relatively preserved compared to Alzheimer's disease. The stepwise progression, temporal relationship to vascular events, and neuroimaging findings help distinguish VCI from other dementia types. Prevention focuses on cardiovascular risk factor management.
Usage
Usage note: Prefer 'vascular cognitive impairment' over older terms like 'multi-infarct dementia'.
In Context
- "The patient's cognitive decline following multiple small strokes was consistent with vascular cognitive impairment." — Clinical diagnosis
- "Management of vascular cognitive impairment emphasizes aggressive cardiovascular risk factor modification." — Treatment guidelines