Fontan Circulation
Pronunciation: fon-TAHN
A surgically created circulation pattern for single-ventricle heart defects where venous return flows directly to the lungs.
Full Definition
Fontan circulation is a surgical palliation technique used for complex congenital heart defects involving functional single ventricle physiology. In this circulation, systemic venous blood is directed to flow passively to the pulmonary arteries without passing through a ventricle, while the single functioning ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body. This procedure is typically performed as the final stage in a series of operations and results in a unique cardiovascular physiology that requires lifelong monitoring and specialized care.
Usage
Usage note: Named after François Fontan. Often used interchangeably with 'Fontan physiology' but circulation emphasizes the hemodynamic pattern.
In Context
- "The patient has been living with Fontan circulation for fifteen years with good functional status." — Long-term follow-up report
- "Fontan circulation carries unique risks including protein-losing enteropathy and arrhythmias." — Complications review article