intermaxillary fixation
The temporary wiring or elastic closure of the jaws to maintain occlusion during healing after facial fractures or orthognathic surgery.
Full Definition
Intermaxillary fixation (IMF) is a technique used to maintain proper dental occlusion and jaw position during healing following facial trauma or orthognathic surgery. The procedure involves securing the upper and lower teeth together using wires, elastic bands, or specialized fixation devices, effectively immobilizing the jaws in the desired relationship. IMF can be achieved through various methods including arch bars with wires, bone screw fixation, or hybrid techniques combining rigid and elastic elements. While traditional IMF required complete jaw immobilization for 4-6 weeks, modern techniques often employ training elastics that allow limited jaw opening for oral hygiene and liquid nutrition while maintaining occlusal stability.
Usage
Usage note: IMF is the preferred abbreviation; distinguish between rigid IMF (complete immobilization) and functional IMF (limited movement allowed).
In Context
- "Intermaxillary fixation was maintained for four weeks following bilateral mandibular fracture repair." — Post-operative care plan
- "The patient underwent intermaxillary fixation with training elastics to allow limited mouth opening." — Operative report