Dental Fluorosis
A developmental disturbance of tooth enamel caused by excessive ingestion of fluoride during the enamel-forming years, presenting as white striations, mottling, or brown staining.
Full Definition
Dental fluorosis occurs when children are chronically exposed to fluoride above optimal levels (generally above 2 mg/L in drinking water) during the critical period of tooth mineralisation, typically from birth to age eight. Mild fluorosis presents as faint white lines or streaks; severe cases may exhibit brown discolouration and pitting. It is a cosmetic concern in mild forms but can compromise enamel integrity in severe cases. Dental hygienists document fluorosis using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index or the Dean Fluorosis Index. Editors should note that dental fluorosis refers exclusively to a developmental defect and must not be confused with fluoride toxicity or therapeutic fluoride application.
Usage
Usage note: Do not use 'fluoride damage' as a synonym; the term carries an inaccurate negative connotation about preventive fluoride therapies.
In Context
- "The intake form documented mild dental fluorosis affecting the maxillary incisors, likely related to well-water use in early childhood." — Patient intake form
- "Avoid writing 'fluoride damage' as a synonym for dental fluorosis in patient-facing materials, as it implies harm from therapeutic fluoride use." — Editorial style guide note