Periapical Radiograph
Pronunciation: peh-ree-AY-pih-kul
A small intraoral dental X-ray that captures the entire tooth or implant, including the root or fixture apex and surrounding bone, used routinely for implant monitoring.
Full Definition
A periapical radiograph is a standard intraoral X-ray film or digital sensor image that depicts one to four teeth or implants in full, from crown to apex, along with a margin of surrounding periapical bone. In implant dentistry, periapical radiographs taken at calibrated angulations are the primary tool for monitoring peri-implant bone levels over time, as they provide precise linear measurements when paralleling technique is used. Editors will encounter abbreviations such as 'PA radiograph' or 'periapical X-ray' and should ensure consistency. The term should not be confused with panoramic radiography, which provides a wider but less detailed overview.
Usage
Usage note: Abbreviate as 'PA radiograph' only after spelling out in full on first mention. Do not abbreviate to 'PA' without the noun 'radiograph' when other 'PA' abbreviations appear in the same document.
In Context
- "Standardized periapical radiographs were taken at baseline, six months, and one year post-loading." — Clinical trial methodology section
- "The periapical radiograph revealed no evidence of crestal bone loss around the implant at the annual review." — Patient clinical record