Periapical
Pronunciation: pehr-ee-AY-pih-kul
Relating to or affecting the area around the apex (tip) of a tooth's root.
Full Definition
In dental records and radiology reports, 'periapical' describes the anatomical region immediately surrounding the root apex of a tooth. It most commonly appears in the context of periapical radiographs (PA films) or periapical abscesses, which arise from infection spreading from the pulp through the root tip into adjacent bone. Editors must distinguish this term from 'periodontal', which concerns the broader support structures around the tooth. The term is always spelled as one word, lowercase, and is hyphenated only when used before a noun in some style guides (e.g., peri-apical) though the unhyphenated form is the current standard in most dental literature.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred spelling is one unhyphenated word. Do not confuse with 'periodontal' in radiograph or diagnosis notes.
In Context
- "A periapical radiograph was taken to assess the extent of the abscess at the root apex." — Radiology report
- "The endodontist noted a periapical lesion consistent with chronic pulpal necrosis." — Specialist consultation note