Periodontal Ligament
Pronunciation: peri-oh-DON-tul LIG-uh-ment
Also written as: PDL — Periodontal Ligament
The fibrous connective tissue that suspends and anchors a tooth within its alveolar bone socket.
Full Definition
The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a specialised connective tissue composed predominantly of collagen fibres (including Sharpey's fibres) that runs between the cementum of the tooth root and the cortical bone of the alveolar socket. It functions to anchor the tooth, absorb masticatory forces, provide proprioceptive feedback, and support periodontal tissue regeneration. The PDL space is visible on radiographs as a thin radiolucent line around the root; widening of this space can indicate occlusal overload or periapical pathology. Editors should use the full form 'periodontal ligament' on first reference and may abbreviate to 'PDL' thereafter.
Usage
Usage note: The older term 'periodontal membrane' is now largely obsolete in contemporary clinical literature; flag and update to 'periodontal ligament' unless quoting a historic source.
In Context
- "Widening of the periodontal ligament space around the apex of the upper right central incisor was noted radiographically." — Radiographic report
- "Avulsed teeth should be stored in milk to preserve periodontal ligament cell viability prior to replantation." — Dental emergency guidance document