Hypomineralisation
Pronunciation: hy-poh-min-er-al-ih-ZAY-shun
A qualitative defect in dental enamel or dentin characterised by reduced mineral content, resulting in a porous, discoloured, and mechanically weakened hard tissue.
Full Definition
Hypomineralisation describes an insufficient mineral density in dental hard tissues, most commonly enamel, arising from a disruption during the maturation phase of tooth development. The condition is clinically visible as demarcated opacities on tooth surfaces, ranging from white or cream to yellow or brown. The most well-studied subtype in dental research is Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH), which affects first permanent molars and incisors. Editors must not confuse hypomineralisation with hypoplasia: hypomineralisation refers to a qualitative mineral deficiency, while hypoplasia refers to a quantitative reduction in enamel thickness. The preferred British English spelling is 'hypomineralisation'; 'hypomineralization' is acceptable in American English contexts—editors should apply journal house style consistently.
Usage
Usage note: Apply journal house style for '-isation' vs '-ization.' Never use interchangeably with 'hypoplasia.' When describing MIH, the full phrase 'molar incisor hypomineralisation' should appear at first use before the abbreviation MIH is introduced.
In Context
- "Molar incisor hypomineralisation was diagnosed in 18.4% of the eight-year-old participants, consistent with reported European prevalence estimates." — Epidemiological study, results section
- "The term 'hypomineralisation' should not be used interchangeably with 'hypoplasia'—the former is a qualitative defect; the latter is quantitative." — Peer reviewer comment