Periapical
Pronunciation: peh-ree-AY-pih-kul
Relating to the tissues and bone immediately surrounding the apex (tip) of a tooth root.
Full Definition
The adjective 'periapical' describes the anatomical region at and around the root apex of a tooth, including the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone in that zone. It is frequently encountered in the terms 'periapical abscess', 'periapical granuloma', and 'periapical radiograph'. In radiographic reporting and endodontic case notes, editors must ensure 'periapical' is not hyphenated and is not confused with 'periodontal', which refers to the broader supporting structures of the tooth. The abbreviation PA is common in clinical shorthand for periapical radiograph.
Usage
Usage note: Write as one unhyphenated word. Do not substitute 'periodontal' — the terms are not interchangeable.
In Context
- "The periapical radiograph revealed a well-defined radiolucency at the apex of the mandibular first molar." — Radiographic report
- "Chronic periapical infection can extend into adjacent bone if endodontic treatment is delayed." — Endodontic case notes