Xerostomia
Pronunciation: zeer-oh-STOH-mee-uh
The subjective sensation of dry mouth, which may or may not be associated with reduced salivary flow (hyposalivation).
Full Definition
Xerostomia is the patient-reported symptom of oral dryness, which must be distinguished from the objective, measurable reduction in saliva output known as hyposalivation. Common causes include polypharmacy (particularly anticholinergic drugs), radiotherapy to the head and neck, Sjögren's syndrome, and dehydration. Editors must be careful not to use 'xerostomia' and 'hyposalivation' as synonyms: a patient can experience xerostomia with normal salivary flow rates, or have reduced flow without subjective dryness. The term is often misspelled as 'xerostemia'.
Usage
Usage note: Do not conflate with 'hyposalivation', which is the objective, measured reduction in salivary output. Common misspelling: 'xerostemia' — flag in proofing.
In Context
- "The patient reported significant xerostomia following commencement of her antidepressant medication." — Special care dentistry consultation note
- "Authors should note that xerostomia refers to the subjective complaint and should not be used when objective salivary flow measurements are being reported." — Journal style guide note