Ephelides
Pronunciation: ef-eh-LY-deez
The clinical term for freckles — small, flat, tan or light-brown macules caused by localised increases in melanin production in response to UV exposure, without an increase in melanocyte number.
Full Definition
Ephelides (singular: ephelis) are benign pigmented macules that arise on sun-exposed skin, particularly in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin types I and II. Unlike lentigines, ephelides fade with reduced UV exposure, reflecting their UV-dependent melanin production rather than melanocyte proliferation. In editorial contexts the singular 'ephelis' is rarely encountered; the plural 'ephelides' predominates. Editors should note that ephelides are frequently confused with lentigines (solar lentigines in particular), which are UV-independent and do not fade. The term appears in photodermatology, genetics, and cosmetic dermatology literature.
Usage
Usage note: Plural 'ephelides', singular 'ephelis'. Do not confuse with lentigines, which are UV-independent. Avoid the informal 'freckles' in formal clinical documents.
In Context
- "The child's ephelides were most prominent on the nose and cheeks during summer." — Paediatric dermatology outpatient letter
- "The author had used 'ephelidis' as the plural; the editor corrected this to 'ephelides'." — Journal manuscript copyedit