Retinoid
Pronunciation: /ˈrɛtɪnɔɪd/
A class of vitamin A derivatives used topically or systemically in dermatology for conditions including acne, psoriasis, and photoageing.
Full Definition
Retinoids are natural and synthetic analogues of vitamin A (retinol) that exert their effects by binding retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) to regulate gene transcription involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. In dermatological practice, topical retinoids (e.g., tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene) are used for acne, photoageing, and keratinisation disorders, while systemic retinoids (e.g., isotretinoin, acitretin) treat severe acne and psoriasis. Editors must distinguish the drug class 'retinoid' from 'retinol' (the over-the-counter alcohol form used in cosmetics), as these differ in potency and regulatory status. Teratogenicity warnings are mandatory in patient-facing documents involving systemic retinoids.
Usage
Usage note: Retinoid (prescription-strength) ≠ retinol (OTC cosmetic). In patient-facing materials, always include pregnancy prevention programme warnings where mandatory for systemic retinoids.
In Context
- "Topical retinoid therapy was initiated at the lowest available concentration to minimise the risk of retinoid dermatitis." — Prescribing information section
- "The author's use of 'retinol cream' was queried by the editor, who noted the product described was a prescription retinoid, not an OTC retinol formulation." — Editorial query on manuscript