vulnerable plaque
Atherosclerotic lesion with high propensity for rupture despite moderate degree of stenosis.
Full Definition
A vulnerable plaque is an atherosclerotic lesion that has high propensity for rupture and thrombosis despite potentially causing only moderate luminal narrowing. These plaques are characterized by thin fibrous caps (<65 micrometers), large necrotic lipid cores, active inflammation with macrophage infiltration, and positive remodeling that maintains luminal dimensions. Vulnerable plaques are the substrate for most acute coronary syndromes, as their rupture can rapidly progress to complete coronary occlusion. Advanced imaging modalities including intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography can identify vulnerable plaque characteristics.
Usage
Usage note: Refers to plaque biology rather than angiographic appearance.
In Context
- "OCT imaging revealed vulnerable plaque characteristics including thin cap fibroatheroma." — Advanced cardiac imaging report
- "The patient's recurrent events suggested multiple vulnerable plaques throughout the coronary tree." — Cardiology consultation note