Whipple procedure
Pronunciation: WHIP-ul
A complex pancreaticoduodenectomy involving removal of the pancreatic head, duodenum, gallbladder, and distal stomach, performed emergently for severe pancreatic trauma or necrotizing pancreatitis.
Full Definition
The Whipple procedure, formally known as pancreaticoduodenectomy, is one of the most technically demanding operations in emergency surgery. Originally described by Allen Whipple in 1935, this procedure involves en bloc resection of the pancreatic head, duodenum, distal stomach, gallbladder, and distal bile duct. In emergency settings, it may be required for severe pancreatic trauma, necrotizing pancreatitis with complications, or bleeding pancreatic pseudocysts. The operation requires reconstruction of pancreatic, biliary, and gastric continuity through complex anastomoses. Emergency Whipple procedures carry significantly higher morbidity and mortality than elective cases due to patient instability and suboptimal operative conditions.
Usage
Usage note: Always capitalize 'Whipple' as it is an eponymous procedure. Avoid using 'Whipple's procedure' with possessive form.
In Context
- "Given the extent of pancreatic head devitalization and duodenal injury, the team proceeded with an emergent Whipple procedure." — Trauma surgery operative note
- "The patient required intensive care monitoring following the emergency Whipple procedure due to the high risk of postoperative complications." — Post-operative care plan