parathyroid venous sampling
Invasive localization technique measuring PTH levels in thyroid and internal jugular veins to identify hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue.
Full Definition
Parathyroid venous sampling is a specialized interventional procedure used to localize hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue when non-invasive imaging studies are inconclusive or negative. The technique involves selective catheterization of thyroid veins and internal jugular veins with measurement of parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations at multiple sampling sites. Elevated PTH levels in specific venous territories help pinpoint the location of abnormal parathyroid tissue, guiding surgical exploration. This procedure is typically reserved for reoperative cases, ectopic gland localization, or persistent hyperparathyroidism after failed initial surgery. The technique requires experienced interventional radiologists and careful interpretation of PTH gradients.
Usage
Usage note: Reserve for complex cases with failed standard localization methods.
In Context
- "Parathyroid venous sampling localized the ectopic adenoma to the superior mediastinum with a PTH gradient of 15:1." — interventional radiology report
- "After negative sestamibi and ultrasound studies, parathyroid venous sampling was performed to guide repeat exploration." — endocrine surgery consultation