tertiary hyperparathyroidism

Full Definition

A condition where parathyroid glands become autonomously hyperactive following prolonged stimulation from secondary hyperparathyroidism, typically in patients with chronic kidney disease or vitamin D deficiency. Unlike secondary hyperparathyroidism, tertiary disease persists even after correction of the underlying stimulus, leading to hypercalcemia. This condition often requires surgical intervention, particularly in kidney transplant recipients where hypercalcemia can compromise graft function.

Usage

Usage note: Emphasize the progression from secondary to autonomous function; distinguish from primary disease.

In Context

• "Tertiary hyperparathyroidism developed five years after kidney transplantation despite normal renal function." — Endocrinology consultation
• "The distinction between primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism can be challenging in transplant recipients." — Clinical assessment