Perforation
An unintended communication between the root canal system and the external root surface or the periodontal tissues, created during endodontic instrumentation or access cavity preparation.
Full Definition
A root perforation is a procedural accident in which a file, bur, or post preparation instrument breaches the root wall, creating an artificial opening into the periodontal ligament space or bone. Perforations may be coronal (furcation), mid-root, or apical in location, each carrying different prognostic implications. In editorial review, authors sometimes use 'perforation' and 'resorption' interchangeably, which is clinically incorrect. Editors should also note that 'perforated' should be used as an adjective ('perforated root') rather than the informal 'perf'd.' The preferred repair material referenced in contemporary literature is mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).
Usage
Usage note: Do not use 'perf' or 'perf'd' in formal clinical writing. Specify the anatomical location (furcation, mid-root, apical) for precision.
In Context
- "The furcation perforation was sealed with MTA under ultrasonic activation." — Case report, treatment description
- "Strip perforation of the root canal wall is a risk in the concave aspect of curved roots." — Continuing education article