Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Also written as: JME — Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
A genetic epilepsy syndrome beginning in adolescence, characterized by myoclonic jerks, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and sometimes absence seizures.
Full Definition
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a genetic generalized epilepsy syndrome that typically manifests in adolescence (peak age 12-18 years). The hallmark features include myoclonic jerks (especially in the morning), generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and in about one-third of patients, absence seizures. Seizures are often precipitated by sleep deprivation, alcohol consumption, stress, or photosensitivity. The EEG shows generalized polyspike-and-wave discharges. Despite being a lifelong condition, most patients achieve good seizure control with appropriate antiseizure medications, particularly valproate or levetiracetam.
Usage
Usage note: Also known as Janz syndrome after the researcher who first described it comprehensively.
In Context
- "The teenager's history of morning myoclonic jerks and photosensitivity suggested juvenile myoclonic epilepsy." — Epilepsy clinic assessment
- "Patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy require lifelong treatment and counseling about seizure triggers." — Patient management guidelines