Vagal nerve stimulation
A neuromodulation therapy involving electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve to reduce seizure frequency.
Full Definition
Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is a FDA-approved neuromodulation treatment for medically refractory epilepsy that involves surgical implantation of a pulse generator device that delivers intermittent electrical stimulation to the left vagus nerve via an electrode wrapped around the nerve in the neck. The exact mechanism of seizure reduction is not fully understood but likely involves modulation of neurotransmitter systems and brainstem nuclei that project widely throughout the brain. VNS is considered when patients are not candidates for resective surgery or when surgery has failed to provide adequate seizure control.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as VNS; distinct from other neuromodulation approaches like DBS or RNS.
In Context
- "The patient experienced a 50% reduction in seizure frequency after vagal nerve stimulation implantation." — Follow-up clinic note
- "Vagal nerve stimulation was recommended as adjunctive therapy for the medically refractory patient." — Treatment planning note