cephalopelvic disproportion
Condition where the fetal head is too large relative to the maternal pelvis to allow safe vaginal delivery.
Full Definition
Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) occurs when there is a size discrepancy between the fetal head and the maternal pelvis that prevents safe vaginal delivery. This can result from fetal macrosomia, abnormal fetal presentation, maternal pelvic abnormalities, or a combination of factors. CPD may be suspected antenatally based on clinical pelvimetry and estimated fetal weight, but it is often diagnosed during labor when normal progress fails despite adequate uterine contractions. The condition necessitates cesarean delivery to prevent maternal and fetal complications including uterine rupture, birth trauma, and prolonged labor.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as CPD in labor and delivery documentation.
In Context
- "Cesarean delivery was indicated due to cephalopelvic disproportion with estimated fetal weight of 4200 grams." — Operative delivery note