abdominoperineal resection
Also written as: APR — Abdominoperineal Resection
Surgical removal of the rectum and anus through combined abdominal and perineal approaches.
Full Definition
Abdominoperineal resection (APR) is a surgical procedure that involves complete removal of the rectum, anal canal, and surrounding tissues through both abdominal and perineal incisions, resulting in a permanent colostomy. This operation is typically reserved for low rectal cancers within 4-5 cm of the anal verge where sphincter-preserving resection is not feasible while maintaining adequate oncological margins. The procedure includes total mesorectal excision and often extended resection of the levator muscles and perineal tissues. APR significantly impacts quality of life due to loss of intestinal continuity and anal function.
Usage
Usage note: Often called the 'Miles procedure' after its developer.
In Context
- "Abdominoperineal resection was necessary due to tumor proximity to the anal sphincter complex." — Operative report
- "The patient consented to APR with understanding of permanent colostomy requirements." — Preoperative note