apraxia of speech
Pronunciation: uh-PRAK-see-uh
Motor speech disorder affecting the planning and sequencing of speech movements, distinct from language comprehension deficits.
Full Definition
Apraxia of speech represents a neuromotor disorder affecting the planning and programming of speech movements, commonly encountered in geriatric patients following stroke or in association with neurodegenerative diseases. The condition is characterized by difficulty coordinating the precise movements needed for clear speech production, resulting in inconsistent speech errors, groping for correct articulatory positions, and effortful trial-and-error attempts at words. Unlike aphasia, language comprehension and written expression typically remain intact, and unlike dysarthria, muscle strength and tone are generally normal. In elderly populations, apraxia of speech may occur as part of primary progressive aphasia syndromes or following left hemisphere strokes. The disorder significantly impacts communication ability and quality of life, often requiring specialized speech-language therapy focusing on motor planning and coordination exercises.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish clearly from aphasia in documentation as treatment approaches differ significantly.
In Context
- "The patient's apraxia of speech caused effortful, inconsistent pronunciation despite intact language comprehension." — Speech-language pathology evaluation
- "Apraxia of speech following stroke requires intensive motor-based speech therapy approaches." — Rehabilitation medicine treatment plan