medication-induced delirium
An acute confusional state caused by adverse medication effects, particularly common in elderly patients due to polypharmacy and altered drug metabolism.
Full Definition
Medication-induced delirium refers to acute cognitive dysfunction and altered consciousness resulting from adverse drug effects or drug interactions. Elderly patients are particularly vulnerable due to age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, polypharmacy, and increased sensitivity to anticholinergic and psychoactive medications. Common culprits include benzodiazepines, opioids, anticholinergics, corticosteroids, and certain antibiotics. The condition is often reversible with medication adjustment or discontinuation, making proper identification crucial. Healthcare providers must maintain high suspicion for medication causes when delirium occurs, especially after new drug initiations or dose changes.
Usage
Usage note: Important to specify medication cause; often preventable and reversible.
In Context
- "The patient's medication-induced delirium resolved within 48 hours of discontinuing the offending benzodiazepine." — Hospital discharge summary
- "Comprehensive medication review identified multiple potential causes of medication-induced delirium." — Pharmacist consultation