neurocognitive disorder
DSM-5-TR term for conditions characterized by cognitive decline from a previous level of functioning, replacing the term 'dementia.'
Full Definition
Neurocognitive disorder is the DSM-5-TR diagnostic category that encompasses conditions previously referred to as dementia and some cases of mild cognitive impairment. The classification includes mild and major neurocognitive disorders, with specifiers for various etiologies such as Alzheimer's disease, vascular disease, Lewy bodies, and frontotemporal degeneration. The term emphasizes that these are disorders of cognition rather than inevitable consequences of aging. In geriatric psychiatry, this diagnostic framework helps standardize assessment and treatment approaches while reducing stigma associated with older terminology. The criteria require evidence of cognitive decline that interferes with independence in everyday activities.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred term over 'dementia' in formal psychiatric documentation; specify mild or major and etiology when known.
In Context
- "The patient met criteria for major neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease." — Diagnostic assessment
- "Mild neurocognitive disorder was diagnosed based on subtle cognitive changes that did not impair daily function." — Clinical evaluation