orthostatic hypotension
Pronunciation: or-thoh-STAT-ik hy-poh-TEN-shun
A significant drop in blood pressure upon standing — defined as a fall of ≥20 mmHg systolic or ≥10 mmHg diastolic — that is a major cause of falls and dizziness in geriatric rehabilitation patients.
Full Definition
Orthostatic hypotension (OH), also called postural hypotension, is defined clinically as a sustained reduction in systolic blood pressure of at least 20 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 10 mmHg within three minutes of standing. It is highly prevalent among older adults and is a leading contributor to falls, presyncope, and syncope during geriatric rehabilitation. Common causes include deconditioning, dehydration, autonomic dysfunction, and polypharmacy. Editors should note that both terms — 'orthostatic hypotension' and 'postural hypotension' — are clinically accepted, but authors should use one consistently throughout a document. The abbreviation OH is acceptable after first use.
Usage
Usage note: Both 'orthostatic hypotension' and 'postural hypotension' are acceptable; maintain consistency within a document. Abbreviate as OH after first use. Specify the measurement protocol (timing and position) in research methods.
In Context
- "Orthostatic hypotension was identified as the primary cause of the patient's morning falls during physiotherapy sessions." — Geriatric rehabilitation ward round note
- "Lying and standing blood pressure measurements should be documented routinely to screen for postural hypotension in this population." — Clinical guideline for geriatric units