sarcopenia
Pronunciation: sar-koh-PEE-nee-uh
Age-related progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical performance, representing a key rehabilitation target in older adults.
Full Definition
Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterised by progressive and generalised loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, with a risk of adverse outcomes including physical disability, poor quality of life, and death. In the geriatric rehabilitation context, it is a central concern because muscle wasting directly impairs mobility, transfers, and activities of daily living. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) provides consensus diagnostic criteria. Editors should note the correct spelling — 'sarcopenia' not 'sarcopaenia' (the latter being an uncommon British variant) — and that the adjectival form is 'sarcopenic'. It is not synonymous with cachexia, which involves a systemic inflammatory response.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred spelling is 'sarcopenia' (not 'sarcopaenia'). The adjective is 'sarcopenic'. Do not use interchangeably with 'cachexia', which has a distinct inflammatory aetiology.
In Context
- "Sarcopenia was confirmed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and grip strength testing below the EWGSOP2 threshold." — Geriatric medicine case report
- "The rehabilitation program included progressive resistance training targeting sarcopenic muscle loss in the lower limbs." — Physiotherapy treatment plan