ascites
Pronunciation: ah-SY-teez
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, commonly associated with advanced ovarian cancer.
Full Definition
Ascites is the pathological collection of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity, often presenting as progressive abdominal distension and discomfort. In gynecologic oncology, ascites is most commonly associated with advanced ovarian cancer, where malignant cells alter peritoneal permeability and lymphatic drainage. The fluid can be analyzed through paracentesis to detect malignant cells (cytology), measure protein content, and assess other characteristics. Large-volume ascites may require therapeutic paracentesis for symptom relief, and its presence often indicates advanced disease stage and may influence treatment decisions and prognosis.
Usage
Usage note: Ascites is plural in form but typically treated as singular; ascitic fluid is the correct adjective form.
In Context
- "CT scan revealed moderate ascites with enhancing peritoneal implants consistent with carcinomatosis." — Imaging report
- "Therapeutic paracentesis drained 2.5 liters of ascitic fluid, with cytology positive for malignant cells." — Procedure note