stromal invasion
Penetration of malignant cells through basement membrane into underlying connective tissue stroma.
Full Definition
Stromal invasion refers to the penetration of cancer cells through the basement membrane into the underlying stromal tissue, marking the transition from in situ to invasive carcinoma. In gynecologic pathology, this concept is crucial for distinguishing between high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and invasive cervical cancer, or between endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive endometrial carcinoma. The depth and extent of stromal invasion are critical prognostic factors that influence staging, treatment selection, and patient outcomes. Measurement of invasion depth is performed microscopically and reported in millimeters for precise staging according to FIGO criteria.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify depth measurement when present. Critical for staging determination.
In Context
- "Microscopic examination revealed stromal invasion to a depth of 3 mm." — Pathology report
- "The absence of stromal invasion confirmed the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia." — Histopathology report