adenomyosis
Pronunciation: ad-eh-no-my-OH-sis
Condition where endometrial tissue grows into the muscular wall of the uterus, causing uterine enlargement and painful, heavy periods.
Full Definition
Adenomyosis is a benign gynecological condition characterized by the invasion of endometrial glands and stroma into the myometrium (uterine muscle). This ectopic endometrial tissue responds to hormonal fluctuations, leading to cyclic bleeding within the uterine wall, which causes uterine enlargement, dysmenorrhea, and often heavy menstrual bleeding. Unlike endometriosis, where endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus, adenomyosis is confined within the uterine wall. Diagnosis is typically made through imaging studies such as MRI or transvaginal ultrasound, and treatment options include hormonal therapies, uterine artery embolization, or hysterectomy in severe cases.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from endometriosis (ectopic endometrial tissue outside uterus) and fibroids (smooth muscle tumors).
In Context
- "MRI findings were consistent with adenomyosis, showing thickening of the junctional zone." — radiology interpretation
- "The patient's adenomyosis was managed conservatively with hormonal suppression therapy." — treatment notes