postmenopausal bleeding

Full Definition

Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is defined as any vaginal bleeding that occurs 12 months or more after the last menstrual period in a woman who has reached menopause naturally. This symptom requires immediate evaluation as it may indicate endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, or other pathological conditions. The evaluation typically includes endometrial sampling, transvaginal ultrasound, and sometimes hysteroscopy to determine the underlying cause and rule out malignancy.

Usage

Usage note: Always document as requiring investigation; never dismiss as normal in postmenopausal women.

In Context

• "The patient presented with postmenopausal bleeding requiring urgent endometrial evaluation." — Referral letter
• "Any episode of postmenopausal bleeding warrants investigation to exclude malignancy." — Clinical guideline