swan neck deformity
Finger deformity characterized by hyperextension at the PIP joint and flexion at the DIP joint.
Full Definition
Swan neck deformity is a characteristic finger deformity most commonly seen in rheumatoid arthritis, though it can result from trauma or congenital conditions. The deformity involves hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint combined with flexion of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, creating a profile resembling a swan's neck. This occurs due to imbalance between flexor and extensor forces, often involving rupture or stretching of the volar plate at the PIP joint. The deformity can significantly impact hand function and grip strength.
Usage
Usage note: Lowercase when used descriptively; may be capitalized in formal diagnostic coding.
In Context
- "The rheumatoid arthritis patient developed progressive swan neck deformity in multiple digits." — Clinical assessment
- "Surgical correction of swan neck deformity involves tendon transfer and joint stabilization." — Treatment planning