paraganglioma
Neuroendocrine tumor arising from paraganglia in the head and neck. Most commonly occurs at carotid body, jugular foramen, or middle ear.
Full Definition
Paraganglioma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that develops from paraganglia, clusters of specialized cells derived from neural crest tissue. In the head and neck region, paragangliomas most frequently occur at the carotid body (carotid body tumor), jugular foramen (glomus jugulare), tympanic cavity (glomus tympanicum), or along the vagus nerve (glomus vagale). These tumors are typically slow-growing and benign but can be locally aggressive and rarely metastasize. Diagnosis relies on characteristic imaging findings and biochemical testing for catecholamine excess. Treatment options include observation, surgical resection, or stereotactic radiosurgery, depending on size, location, and patient factors.
Usage
Usage note: Specify anatomic location; glomus tumor is acceptable synonym but less precise.
In Context
- "MRI revealed a characteristic salt-and-pepper appearance consistent with carotid body paraganglioma." — Radiology report
- "The patient's family history of paraganglioma warranted genetic testing for hereditary paraganglioma syndrome." — Clinical note